@prefix dcterms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/> .
@prefix fl: <https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/vocab#> .
@prefix owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> .
@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
@prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
@prefix skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#> .
@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .

fl:category a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "category"@en ;
    rdfs:comment "core (SPARQL federation) or related (decentralized querying more broadly)."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/vocab> ;
    rdfs:range skos:Concept .

fl:event a owl:DatatypeProperty ;
    rdfs:label "event"@en ;
    rdfs:comment "Workshop or Dagstuhl seminar in which the paper was published."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/vocab> ;
    rdfs:range xsd:string .

fl:evidence a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "classification evidence"@en ;
    rdfs:comment "What the classification of the paper was based on."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/vocab> ;
    rdfs:range skos:Concept .

fl:family a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "family"@en ;
    rdfs:comment "The problem family of the paper, one of 11 (a concept of the families scheme)."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/vocab> ;
    rdfs:range skos:Concept .

fl:foundBy a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "found by"@en ;
    rdfs:comment "The stage of the corpus construction that brought the paper in."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/vocab> ;
    rdfs:range skos:Concept .

fl:motivatedByUnreliableServers a owl:DatatypeProperty ;
    rdfs:label "motivated by unreliable servers"@en ;
    rdfs:comment "True when the stated motivation of the paper is server reliability: timeouts, quotas, outages, load or server cost."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/vocab> ;
    rdfs:range xsd:boolean .

fl:paperType a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "paper type"@en ;
    rdfs:comment "Full paper, journal article, demo or poster, workshop paper, or Dagstuhl report."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/vocab> ;
    rdfs:range skos:Concept .

fl:problem a owl:DatatypeProperty ;
    rdfs:label "problem"@en ;
    rdfs:comment "The problem the paper solves, in one line, in English and in French."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/vocab> ;
    rdfs:range rdf:langString .

fl:venueLabel a owl:DatatypeProperty ;
    rdfs:label "venue"@en ;
    rdfs:comment "Short name of the venue (for a workshop paper: the host conference)."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/vocab> ;
    rdfs:range xsd:string .

<https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/category/core> a skos:Concept ;
    skos:definition "The contribution is about querying several SPARQL endpoints or RDF sources in one query: federation engines, source selection for federation, federation benchmarks, semantics of SERVICE."@en ;
    skos:inScheme <https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/category> ;
    skos:prefLabel "Federation (core)"@en .

<https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/category/related> a skos:Concept ;
    skos:definition "Other ways of querying decentralized knowledge graphs: single-server interfaces (Linked Data Fragments, TPF, preemption), link traversal, Solid and P2P, access control and trust, LLM agents."@en ;
    skos:inScheme <https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/category> ;
    skos:prefLabel "Decentralized querying (related)"@en .

<https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/evidence/abstract> a skos:Concept ;
    skos:definition "The abstract (DBLP, OpenAlex, Semantic Scholar or the publisher), often short."@en ;
    skos:inScheme <https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/evidence> ;
    skos:prefLabel "abstract"@en .

<https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/evidence/full-text> a skos:Concept ;
    skos:definition "The paper itself was read (PDF, or the table of contents and relevant sections of a report)."@en ;
    skos:inScheme <https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/evidence> ;
    skos:prefLabel "full text"@en .

<https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/evidence/title-and-prior-knowledge> a skos:Concept ;
    skos:definition "The title only, and the model's prior knowledge of the paper, not checked against the paper."@en ;
    skos:inScheme <https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/evidence> ;
    skos:prefLabel "title and prior knowledge"@en .

<https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/family/1> a skos:Concept ;
    skos:definition "What does a federated or Web-wide query mean?"@en ;
    skos:inScheme <https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/family> ;
    skos:notation "1" ;
    skos:prefLabel "Foundations & languages"@en,
        "Fondements et langages"@fr ;
    skos:scopeNote "semantics of SERVICE, query languages for Linked Data, reachability"@en .

<https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/family/10> a skos:Concept ;
    skos:definition "How to organize knowledge graphs without a centre?"@en ;
    skos:inScheme <https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/family> ;
    skos:notation "10" ;
    skos:prefLabel "Decentralized architectures (Solid, P2P)"@en,
        "Architectures décentralisées (Solid, P2P)"@fr ;
    skos:scopeNote "Solid pods, peer-to-peer and browser networks, data spaces"@en .

<https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/family/11> a skos:Concept ;
    skos:definition "Can LLMs and agents generate or run federated queries?"@en ;
    skos:inScheme <https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/family> ;
    skos:notation "11" ;
    skos:prefLabel "LLMs & agents"@en,
        "LLM et agents"@fr ;
    skos:scopeNote "query generation, agents, MCP"@en .

<https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/family/2> a skos:Concept ;
    skos:definition "Which sources should be queried?"@en ;
    skos:inScheme <https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/family> ;
    skos:notation "2" ;
    skos:prefLabel "Source selection & discovery"@en,
        "Sélection et découverte de sources"@fr ;
    skos:scopeNote "summaries, VoID and dataset descriptions, catalogues, profiling, statistics"@en .

<https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/family/3> a skos:Concept ;
    skos:definition "How to plan and execute efficiently?"@en ;
    skos:inScheme <https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/family> ;
    skos:notation "3" ;
    skos:prefLabel "Optimization & execution"@en,
        "Optimisation et exécution"@fr ;
    skos:scopeNote "joins, adaptivity, cost models, link traversal engines"@en .

<https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/family/4> a skos:Concept ;
    skos:definition "How can a server stay available and give complete answers?"@en ;
    skos:inScheme <https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/family> ;
    skos:notation "4" ;
    skos:prefLabel "Reliable, low-cost interfaces"@en,
        "Interfaces fiables et à faible coût"@fr ;
    skos:scopeNote "Linked Data Fragments, TPF, preemption, continuations"@en .

<https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/family/5> a skos:Concept ;
    skos:definition "How to answer approximately, with a known error?"@en ;
    skos:inScheme <https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/family> ;
    skos:notation "5" ;
    skos:prefLabel "Approximation & sampling"@en,
        "Approximation et échantillonnage"@fr ;
    skos:scopeNote "sampling, approximate answers"@en .

<https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/family/6> a skos:Concept ;
    skos:definition "How to federate beyond SPARQL endpoints?"@en ;
    skos:inScheme <https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/family> ;
    skos:notation "6" ;
    skos:prefLabel "Heterogeneous sources & extended queries"@en,
        "Sources hétérogènes et requêtes étendues"@fr ;
    skos:scopeNote "Web APIs, full text, mappings, vocabulary alignment, data lakes"@en .

<https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/family/7> a skos:Concept ;
    skos:definition "How to measure, and are the testbeds realistic?"@en ;
    skos:inScheme <https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/family> ;
    skos:notation "7" ;
    skos:prefLabel "Evaluation & benchmarks"@en,
        "Évaluation et benchmarks"@fr ;
    skos:scopeNote "FedBench, LargeRDFBench, FedShop"@en .

<https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/family/8> a skos:Concept ;
    skos:definition "What happens on real endpoints?"@en ;
    skos:inScheme <https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/family> ;
    skos:notation "8" ;
    skos:prefLabel "Practice & field observation"@en,
        "Pratique et observation du terrain"@fr ;
    skos:scopeNote "monitoring, usage analyses, case studies, surveys"@en .

<https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/family/9> a skos:Concept ;
    skos:definition "Who may see what, where does an answer come from, who pays?"@en ;
    skos:inScheme <https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/family> ;
    skos:notation "9" ;
    skos:prefLabel "Trust, security, provenance, incentives"@en,
        "Confiance, sécurité, provenance, incitations"@fr ;
    skos:scopeNote "access control, usage control, licences, privacy, provenance, incentives"@en .

<https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/stage/dagstuhl-search> a skos:Concept ;
    skos:definition "Dagstuhl Reports, Manifestos and Seminar Proceedings from DBLP, screened on their full text."@en ;
    skos:inScheme <https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/stage> ;
    skos:prefLabel "Dagstuhl search"@en .

<https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/stage/snowballing> a skos:Concept ;
    skos:definition "References of the corpus papers published since 2020, resolved in DBLP, kept when on topic and published at the five venues."@en ;
    skos:inScheme <https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/stage> ;
    skos:prefLabel "snowballing"@en .

<https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/stage/snowballing-dagstuhl-references> a skos:Concept ;
    skos:definition "References of the five Dagstuhl reports of the corpus, on topic and not yet in the corpus."@en ;
    skos:inScheme <https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/stage> ;
    skos:prefLabel "snowballing (Dagstuhl references)"@en .

<https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/stage/snowballing-other-venue> a skos:Concept ;
    skos:definition "Frequently cited papers from other venues, added at the request of the author of the review."@en ;
    skos:inScheme <https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/stage> ;
    skos:prefLabel "snowballing (other venue)"@en .

<https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/stage/title-search> a skos:Concept ;
    skos:definition "DBLP titles at ISWC, ESWC, WWW, the Semantic Web Journal and the Journal of Web Semantics (main tracks, posters, demos)."@en ;
    skos:inScheme <https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/stage> ;
    skos:prefLabel "title search"@en .

<https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/stage/workshop-search> a skos:Concept ;
    skos:definition "Titles of the CEUR workshops co-located with ISWC, ESWC and WWW, found in DBLP with wider keywords and sorted."@en ;
    skos:inScheme <https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/stage> ;
    skos:prefLabel "workshop search"@en .

<https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/type/journal> a skos:Concept ;
    skos:definition "Journal article."@en ;
    skos:inScheme <https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/type> ;
    skos:notation "journal" ;
    skos:prefLabel "Journal article"@en .

<https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/type/main> a skos:Concept ;
    skos:definition "Full paper."@en ;
    skos:inScheme <https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/type> ;
    skos:notation "main" ;
    skos:prefLabel "Full paper"@en .

<https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/type/p-d> a skos:Concept ;
    skos:definition "Demo, poster or PhD symposium paper."@en ;
    skos:inScheme <https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/type> ;
    skos:notation "P&D" ;
    skos:prefLabel "Demo, poster or PhD symposium paper"@en .

<https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/type/report> a skos:Concept ;
    skos:definition "Dagstuhl seminar report."@en ;
    skos:inScheme <https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/type> ;
    skos:notation "report" ;
    skos:prefLabel "Dagstuhl seminar report"@en .

<https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/type/workshop> a skos:Concept ;
    skos:definition "Workshop paper."@en ;
    skos:inScheme <https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/type> ;
    skos:notation "workshop" ;
    skos:prefLabel "Workshop paper"@en .

<https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/category> a skos:ConceptScheme ;
    skos:hasTopConcept <https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/category/core>,
        <https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/category/related> ;
    skos:prefLabel "Categories"@en .

<https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/evidence> a skos:ConceptScheme ;
    skos:hasTopConcept <https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/evidence/abstract>,
        <https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/evidence/full-text>,
        <https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/evidence/title-and-prior-knowledge> ;
    skos:prefLabel "Evidence of the classification"@en .

<https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/type> a skos:ConceptScheme ;
    skos:hasTopConcept <https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/type/journal>,
        <https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/type/main>,
        <https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/type/p-d>,
        <https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/type/report>,
        <https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/type/workshop> ;
    skos:prefLabel "Paper types"@en .

<https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/stage> a skos:ConceptScheme ;
    skos:hasTopConcept <https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/stage/dagstuhl-search>,
        <https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/stage/snowballing>,
        <https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/stage/snowballing-dagstuhl-references>,
        <https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/stage/snowballing-other-venue>,
        <https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/stage/title-search>,
        <https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/stage/workshop-search> ;
    skos:prefLabel "Stages of the corpus construction"@en .

<https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/vocab> a owl:Ontology ;
    dcterms:license <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/> ;
    dcterms:title "Vocabulary of the literature review on querying decentralized knowledge graphs"@en ;
    owl:versionInfo "2026-10-11" .

<https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/family> a skos:ConceptScheme ;
    skos:hasTopConcept <https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/family/1>,
        <https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/family/10>,
        <https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/family/11>,
        <https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/family/2>,
        <https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/family/3>,
        <https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/family/4>,
        <https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/family/5>,
        <https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/family/6>,
        <https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/family/7>,
        <https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/family/8>,
        <https://momo54.github.io/fedlit/family/9> ;
    skos:prefLabel "Problem families"@en .